Infections

Review: Klaire Labs Ther-biotic Complete – what’s in it?

Klaire Labs Ther-biotic Complete offers a blend of 12 probiotic strains, including some found in the vaginal tract. However, it lacks most strains typical in healthy vaginal flora, making it a great gut health supplement but potentially less effective for vaginal health. The review delves into the specifics of the

Candida krusei vulvovaginal infections

Candida krusei is a rare type of yeast infection, presenting with familiar symptoms but notable for its resistance to common antifungal treatments. Unlike more common yeast infections, C. krusei is often resistant to fluconazole and miconazole, requiring alternative treatments such as boric acid or clotrimazole. This article explores the symptoms,

Prevotella spp. in the vagina and mouth

Prevotella, a gram-negative bacterium, is a significant component of the normal flora in both the mouth and vagina, playing a dual role in health and disease. It's involved in various infections and has a notable resistance to many antibiotics, highlighting the importance of understanding its behavior and transmission, especially concerning

Killing BV Success Story: I cured my BV!

A personal account of overcoming Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) after traditional treatments failed. This success story highlights alternative methods, including biofilm busters and probiotics, leading to a BV-free life for the first time since April 2013. A testament to perseverance and exploring non-traditional treatments, this narrative offers hope and practical advice

Gyno-Daktarin (miconazole) – vaginal anti-fungal

Gyno-Daktarin is a powerful anti-fungal medication designed to combat vaginal thrush, offering relief through capsules or cream with miconazole as the active ingredient. This article delves into the usage, safety precautions, and potential side effects of using Gyno-Daktarin for treating vaginal fungal infections, providing essential information for those seeking relief

Aunt Vadge: Do I need to tell my partner?

Debating whether to disclose a past bout of bacterial vaginosis (BV) to a new partner? Aunt Vadge highlights the importance of honesty in relationships but reassures that sharing past health issues like BV is optional. It's about comfort, trust, and the present connection. Whether to share or not is your

What exactly is that fishy smell?

The fishy smell often associated with vaginas, particularly in bacterial vaginosis (BV), is the result of a chemical reaction producing trimethylamine (TMA). This article explores the causes, including dietary factors and metabolic disorders, and delves into the impact on intimacy and potential solutions. It also explains the evolutionary basis of

Lymphogranuloma venereum (the ‘other’ chlamydia)

Lymphogranuloma venereum is a distinct sexually transmitted infection caused by the Chlamydia trachomatis bacteria, differing from the more common chlamydia through its unique symptoms and complications. Primarily affecting tropical areas, it's now increasingly seen in Europe, especially among men who have sex with men. Symptoms range from painless blisters to

Where can I buy boric acid from?

Boric acid, a versatile compound, can be bought online either as a powder or in capsules. Ideal for making your own vaginal suppositories at home or for convenience, it's available on major platforms like Amazon or eBay. This guide covers how to purchase boric acid wisely, focusing on its uses,

Vaginal Health

Understanding vaginal tastes (the good and the bad)

Understanding the nuances of vaginal taste can significantly affect sexual health and enjoyment. This guide provides a comprehensive overview of how different elements like diet, hygiene, and natural body secretions impact taste, and offers actionable advice on how to manage and enhance these factors for a better intimate experience.

How fertile is precum?

Precum's fertility varies among men, with some having fertile precum and others not. A study found that 41% of men had live sperm in their precum, raising questions about the effectiveness of the withdrawal method as a form of birth control. This article explores the nuances of precum fertility and

How to get better at talking about what you like sexually

Effective communication is crucial for a fulfilling sex life. This article guides you on how to express what you like and dislike in bed through clear communication, offering specific phrases to use. It emphasizes the importance of being open, kind, and attentive to your partner's cues for a better sexual

BV penis treatment for men

Men may carry bacterial vaginosis-related bacteria on their penis and urethra, potentially spreading it. Traditional antibiotics often fail, but the 'Killing BV: Penis Treatment Guide' offers a comprehensive treatment program with support, addressing the need for an effective solution.

How to get a comprehensive vaginal, urinary and semen microbiome test

Exploring the options for comprehensive vaginal, urinary, and semen microbiome tests is crucial for anyone experiencing related symptoms or seeking a deeper understanding of their microbiome health. The article provides a detailed guide on selecting the right test provider, preparing for the test, and interpreting the results with the help

Reasons you don’t have your period yet

Understanding the reasons behind primary amenorrhoea, or the absence of the first menstrual cycle, is crucial for young women. This condition can range from being a late bloomer, having low body fat, to more serious issues like genetic conditions or anatomical abnormalities. It's essential to consult a healthcare provider to

G-spot and clitoris augmentation and amplification

The exploration of enhancing sexual pleasure through G-spot and clitoral augmentation has introduced innovative methods such as dermal fillers and PRP injections. These procedures aim to increase sexual responsiveness by enlarging the G-spot and clitoral tissues, potentially leading to heightened pleasure, stronger and more frequent orgasms, and improved sexual function.

Understanding diabetes and an itchy, yeasty vagina

Women with uncontrolled diabetes may experience persistent yeast infections due to higher blood sugar levels feeding vaginal yeast. Many are unaware of their diabetic or pre-diabetic state, continuously treating symptoms without addressing the root cause. Understanding the link between blood sugar levels and yeast infections is crucial for effective treatment

Understanding and treating period pain

Period pain, medically known as dysmenorrhoea, can significantly impact daily life, causing individuals to miss work or school. This article delves into the causes, ranging from uterine cramping to conditions like endometriosis, and explores a variety of treatment options, including lifestyle changes, medication, and alternative therapies. Understanding the type of

PREGNANCY, CHILDBIRTH AND POST-BIRTH

What to do if you have unprotected sex and may be or are pregnant

After unprotected sex, if you suspect pregnancy, immediate steps like emergency contraception within 24-72 hours and pregnancy tests can help. Depending on your decision, options range from medical to surgical abortions, or carrying the pregnancy to term, with privacy and support emphasized at every step.

Perineal tears

Perineal tears are a common occurrence during childbirth, affecting up to 90% of women delivering vaginally. These tears can range from minor to severe, potentially damaging the anal sphincter muscle and leading to complications such as chronic pain, sexual difficulties, and incontinence. Factors like baby size, induced labor, and assisted

When you can and can’t get pregnant

Getting pregnant involves a narrow window of opportunity, largely around ovulation. This article demystifies common myths and provides insights on tracking fertility, highlighting when pregnancy is most likely and when it's nearly impossible. From the role of period trackers to understanding the conditions under which you can't get pregnant, such

EVENT PASSED: Abortion drone flying to Northern Ireland 21 June 2016, protest at 2.30pm in Belfast

On 21 June 2016, an abortion drone flew from Ireland to Northern Ireland, carrying abortion pills to highlight and protest against the restrictive abortion laws in both regions. This act of solidarity was organized by several groups, including Alliance for Choice and Women on Waves, aiming to showcase the violation

Avoiding vaginal and perineal tears during childbirth

Childbirth can often lead to vaginal and perineal tears, but there are preventative steps that can be taken to reduce the risk. These include maintaining a healthy diet for strong tissue, perineum massage from 34 weeks, using the epi-no device, opting for a water birth, and giving birth in an

Study: Cryopreserved donor sperm contains G. vaginalis (BV) seeds

Recent findings from a 2010 study reveal that cryopreserved donor sperm might carry Gardnerella vaginalis, a key agent in bacterial vaginosis (BV), raising concerns over the transmission of BV through artificial insemination. This groundbreaking research highlights the need for further investigation into the safety protocols of sperm donation and IVF

Your vagina and vulva during pregnancy

Pregnancy brings a myriad of changes to your vaginal and vulvar health, including increased discharge, swelling, and varicose veins, amongst others. Understanding these changes is crucial for maintaining comfort and health during this transformative period. This article delves into what to expect and how to care for your reproductive system

Gestational trophoblastic disease (molar pregnancy)

Gestational trophoblastic disease, or molar pregnancy, involves abnormal growth of placental tissue, potentially leading to serious pregnancy complications. This condition can manifest with symptoms such as vaginal bleeding, an enlarged uterus, and severe vomiting, and can range from benign to malignant tumours. Treatment options include surgical removal of the mass,

BV in pregnancy

Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) in pregnancy poses a significant risk for preterm delivery, affecting the baby's development in the crucial final trimester. Despite the commonality of BV, and its association with premature birth, certain treatments during pregnancy can safely manage the condition. Studies highlight the complexities of treating BV with antibiotics,

ANATOMICAL ABNORMALITIES

Vaginal hypoplasia – the partial vagina

Vaginal hypoplasia is an underdevelopment of the vagina, ranging from mild to severe cases, and is often associated with MRKH syndrome. Treatment options include self-dilation and vaginoplasty, with a focus on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. This condition, affecting 1 in every 3,000-5,000 live births, highlights the importance

Anatomical variations and differences in sexual development

This article delves into the common and rare congenital anatomical abnormalities and differences in sexual development, focusing on those involving the vagina or female phenotypes. It discusses the medical, surgical, and natural treatments available, emphasizing the importance of psychological support for successful outcomes.

5-alpha-reductase deficiency (5 ARD)

5-alpha reductase type 2 deficiency (5 ARD) is a genetic condition affecting the conversion of testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT), crucial for male genital development. This leads to variations in genitalia in genetic males, posing challenges in gender identity and necessitating careful management of surgical and hormonal interventions. While it significantly

Swyer syndrome (XY gonadal dysgenesis, XY female)

Swyer Syndrome, also known as XY gonadal dysgenesis, is a rare condition where a chromosomally male foetus develops as a female, with normal female genitals but non-functional ovaries. This article delves into the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for Swyer Syndrome, highlighting the importance of hormone therapy and the possibility

Cervical stenosis

Cervical stenosis involves the narrowing or closure of the cervix, leading to potential complications such as pelvic pain, fertility issues, and endometriosis. Understanding its causes, from foetal abnormalities to postmenopausal atrophy, and exploring treatment options, including dilators and surgery, can offer relief and improve quality of life for those affected.

Complete, mild, or partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS, MAIS, PAIS)

Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) encompasses conditions like CAIS, MAIS, and PAIS, where individuals genetically male (46, XY) may develop with female characteristics due to their cells' inability to respond to androgens. This article delves into the nuances of these conditions, including diagnosis, physical characteristics, psychological impacts, and management strategies, offering

MRKH syndrome

MRKH syndrome, or Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome, is a congenital condition characterised by the absence or underdevelopment of the upper portion of the vagina, cervix, and/or uterus. This article delves into the types, symptoms, diagnosis, and management of MRKH syndrome, offering insights into surgical and non-surgical treatments, fertility options, and the importance

Clitoromegaly

Clitoromegaly, or an atypically large clitoris, arises due to various factors including hormonal interruptions and chromosomal differences, with treatments ranging from surgery to hormone therapy. This condition, while often not medically concerning, can be addressed for aesthetic reasons, with most treatments aiming to preserve sexual function.

Unicornuate uterus (hemi uterus) – müllerian duct anomalies

The unicornuate uterus, a type of müllerian duct anomaly, affects uterus size, shape, and fertility outcomes. This condition, often asymptomatic until pregnancy or menarche, can lead to repeated miscarriages, unexplained infertility, and severe menstrual pain among other symptoms. Understanding its variations, symptoms, and diagnosis is crucial for women facing unusual

HORMONES

Study: regular exercise lowers oestrogen levels in postmenopausal women

A groundbreaking study reveals that regular exercise not only aids in weight management for postmenopausal women but also significantly lowers serum oestrogen levels, offering a potential reduction in breast cancer risk. The study highlights the importance of aerobic activities in managing oestrogen levels, with participants showing notable decreases in serum

Why your period stopped (secondary amenorrhoea)

If your period has unexpectedly stopped, it's essential to understand why. This article delves into the various causes of secondary amenorrhoea, from pregnancy and hormonal contraceptives to stress and dietary factors. It also covers diagnostic approaches and potential treatments, emphasizing the importance of seeking medical advice to identify and address

How your gut bacteria affect oestrogen

The relationship between your gut bacteria and oestrogen is crucial for hormonal balance, affecting everything from vaginal health to bone density. This article explores how gut bacteria regulate oestrogen metabolism through the oestrobolome process, impacting your overall health and potentially influencing cancer risk.

Understanding methylation, MTHFR and homocysteine

Methylation is a crucial biochemical process affecting everything from DNA production to detoxification. For those with the MTHFR gene mutation, this process can be impaired, leading to elevated homocysteine levels and a variety of health issues. Understanding your methylation status and managing homocysteine levels through proper supplementation and lifestyle changes

Treating endometriosis

Endometriosis treatment varies from NSAIDs and hormone therapy to surgery and naturopathic approaches, focusing on symptom management and improving fertility. The choice of treatment depends on the severity of the condition, personal circumstances, and whether pregnancy is desired. Surgical options aim to remove endometrial implants while preserving fertility, whereas natural

Understanding diabetes and an itchy, yeasty vagina

Women with uncontrolled diabetes may experience persistent yeast infections due to higher blood sugar levels feeding vaginal yeast. Many are unaware of their diabetic or pre-diabetic state, continuously treating symptoms without addressing the root cause. Understanding the link between blood sugar levels and yeast infections is crucial for effective treatment

Rhodiola for stress and PCOS

Rhodiola is an adaptogenic herb known for its ability to reduce stress and improve symptoms of PCOS by lowering cortisol and insulin levels. It boosts mood, energy, and mental alertness, making it a popular choice among students and individuals suffering from chronic stress or PCOS. While Rhodiola offers significant benefits,

Complete, mild, or partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS, MAIS, PAIS)

Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) encompasses conditions like CAIS, MAIS, and PAIS, where individuals genetically male (46, XY) may develop with female characteristics due to their cells' inability to respond to androgens. This article delves into the nuances of these conditions, including diagnosis, physical characteristics, psychological impacts, and management strategies, offering

What’s the difference between PMS and PMDD?

Understanding the difference between premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment. While PMS symptoms are often physical, PMDD primarily affects mood and can significantly impact daily life. This article dives into the symptoms, diagnosis criteria, and treatment options for both conditions, helping

SEX AND SEXUALITY

Sexual arousal disorders

Sexual arousal disorders disrupt the normal response to sexual stimuli, affecting both mental and physical aspects of arousal. These disorders, classified into subjective, genital, and combined types, can stem from psychological or physical causes. Treatment varies, focusing on the underlying issue, and may include hormone therapy, counseling, or specialized physiotherapy

Post-SSRI sexual dysfunction (PSSD)

Post-SSRI sexual dysfunction (PSSD) is a condition affecting individuals after the cessation of SSRIs, leading to persistent sexual side effects. Despite the discontinuation of these antidepressants, symptoms such as genital numbness, decreased libido, and difficulty achieving orgasm can persist indefinitely, with no current cure. This article delves into the symptoms,

Female sexual dysfunction

Female sexual dysfunction encompasses a range of issues affecting sexual desire, arousal, and satisfaction. This comprehensive guide delves into the biological, psychological, and social factors contributing to sexual health challenges in women. It offers a deep dive into understanding the female sexual response, the impact of mental, emotional, and physical

Study: Ginkgo biloba for female sexual dysfunction caused by SSRI use

Sexual dysfunction, a common side-effect of SSRI antidepressants, may be effectively treated with Ginkgo biloba, according to recent studies. With success rates as high as 91% for women, Ginkgo biloba offers hope for those experiencing decreased arousal, lubrication issues, and difficulties achieving orgasm due to antidepressant use. Research highlights the

Common cancer treatments and how they affect sexuality and fertility

Cancer treatments can significantly affect sexuality and fertility, leading to changes such as vaginal dryness and variations in vaginal size. However, the preservation of these functions is possible with at least one functioning ovary or through hormone replacement therapy. This article delves into the impacts of various cancer treatments on

How to perform cunnilingus on a woman

This detailed guide explores the art of cunnilingus, offering insights on preparation, communication, and techniques to enhance pleasure. From understanding female anatomy to mastering the perfect tongue movements, learn how to navigate the complexities of oral pleasure. Discover the importance of cleanliness, the power of anticipation, and the significance of

Study: How doctors differ in screening for female sexual dysfunction

Female Sexual Dysfunction (FSD) is a critical yet under-addressed health issue, with a mere 39% of women receiving screenings during well-woman appointments. This study delves into the screening practices of healthcare providers, revealing a significant disparity in the attention given to FSD compared to other routine health checks. It underscores

Medicines that affect your libido

Drug-induced sexual dysfunction is a prevalent issue, impacting the sexual health of many women on medication. From high blood pressure meds to antidepressants, and antipsychotics to anti-androgenics, various prescriptions can lead to decreased libido, arousal issues, and orgasm difficulties. Understanding the normal sexual response and exploring alternatives or adjustments with

Understanding and managing dyspareunia

Dyspareunia, often likened to a symptom like a cough, indicates underlying physical or psychological issues causing painful sex. Identifying the root cause is crucial for effective treatment, whether it's psychological factors like anxiety or physical conditions such as endometriosis. This article delves into the complexities of diagnosing and managing dyspareunia,

PERIODS AND THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

Understanding toxic shock syndrome

Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) is a potentially fatal condition caused by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. While commonly associated with tampon use, TSS can affect anyone, including men and children. Symptoms are often mistaken for the flu, making early diagnosis challenging. This article explores the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and prevention of

Periods: hygiene and etiquette

Understanding period hygiene and etiquette is crucial for not only personal comfort but also for the comfort of those around us. From the importance of not leaving used tampons or pads in sight, to the correct disposal methods for menstrual products, this article covers essential tips on managing menstrual blood

What is free bleeding?

Free bleeding, a term describing the act of menstruating without sanitary products, serves as a feminist statement against period stigma, the high cost of menstrual products, and their environmental impact. Originating from a failed anti-feminist hoax, the movement gained traction, highlighting the societal need to destigmatize menstruation and consider the

Aunt Vadge: Do I have a short vagina?

An 18-year-old expresses concerns about experiencing pain during tampon insertion and fearing a short vagina. Aunt Vadge explains potential causes like a microperforate hymen and the importance of seeking medical consultation to explore anatomical normalcy and practical guidance for ease of insertion.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) are conditions that manifest as a range of emotional and physical symptoms before a menstrual period. Understanding the nuances between PMS and PMDD, including their symptoms, potential causes, and treatment options, is crucial for those affected. This article explores the complexities of

How tampons work

Tampons are designed to absorb menstrual blood, placed near the cervix and held by vaginal muscles. While they are highly effective, improper use can lead to issues such as bacterial overgrowth, dryness, vaginal fissures, and allergies. This article explores how tampons work, their potential effects on vaginal health, and provides

Period undies and swimwear

Period undies and swimwear are innovative solutions for menstrual management, offering an eco-friendly, budget-friendly, and comfortable alternative to traditional sanitary products. They are designed to let your period flow naturally, providing leak-proof, moisture-wicking, and antimicrobial benefits. With a variety of styles available, they cater to different needs and preferences, making

Menstrual cups

Menstrual cups are a sustainable, reusable alternative to tampons, designed to catch menstrual flow. This guide covers how to insert them, what to avoid, potential issues, and other period product alternatives. Ideal for those looking for an eco-friendly option, it details sizes, insertion techniques, and maintenance advice for menstrual cups,

Why tampons don’t fall out

Tampons are designed to fit comfortably inside the vagina, held in place by the muscular walls and the pelvic floor muscles. The inner vagina, having fewer nerve endings, allows for a tampon to sit suspended without sensation. Understanding the natural tension of these muscles and the anatomy of the vagina

Pelvic CANCERs

Chemotherapy and your vagina, ovaries, uterus and cervix

Chemotherapy can have diverse impacts on the vagina, ovaries, uterus, and cervix, ranging from minor discomforts to significant changes in fertility and sexual health. Each treatment is unique, with potential effects including early menopause, increased risk of yeast infections, and changes in libido. It's crucial to discuss fertility plans before

Common cancer treatments and how they affect sexuality and fertility

Cancer treatments can significantly affect sexuality and fertility, leading to changes such as vaginal dryness and variations in vaginal size. However, the preservation of these functions is possible with at least one functioning ovary or through hormone replacement therapy. This article delves into the impacts of various cancer treatments on

Endometrial cancer

Endometrial cancer, originating in the uterus' lining, is the most common uterine cancer, especially in postmenopausal women. Symptoms like unusual vaginal bleeding and discharge are critical early indicators. While 90% of cases are sporadic, early detection through vigilant observation of symptoms can lead to effective treatment and increased survival rates.

AP resection and your vagina

An abdominoperineal (AP) resection, a common procedure for colon cancer, may involve the removal of parts of the vaginal canal, impacting sexual function and confidence. This article delves into the surgery's effects on the vagina, potential for sexual pleasure post-operation, and strategies for managing changes, including the use of lubricants

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major cause of cervical cancer and other genital cancers, with vaccines available to prevent infection from its most dangerous strains. Understanding HPV's spread, its link to cancer, and the importance of vaccination and regular pap tests is key to prevention. This article explores the ways

Cervical cancer

Cervical cancer, primarily caused by HPV, can manifest through symptoms like irregular bleeding and pelvic pain, or show no symptoms at all. Early detection through Pap tests is crucial for a better prognosis, as treatments vary from surgery to chemotherapy based on the cancer's advancement. This article delves into the

Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN)

Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia (VIN), also known as vulvar squamous intraepithelial lesion, is a precancerous condition of the vulva skin that could progress to cancer if untreated. It presents symptoms like vulval itch and burning, and is linked to HPV, smoking, and immunosuppression. Treatment varies from observation to surgical interventions, with

Cervical stenosis

Cervical stenosis involves the narrowing or closure of the cervix, leading to potential complications such as pelvic pain, fertility issues, and endometriosis. Understanding its causes, from foetal abnormalities to postmenopausal atrophy, and exploring treatment options, including dilators and surgery, can offer relief and improve quality of life for those affected.

Skene’s gland cancer (female prostate gland cancer)

Skene's gland cancer, a rare adenocarcinoma found near the urethra, affects elderly women and can be linked to HPV, smoking, and hormonal medications. Symptoms range from urinary discomfort to painful sex, with treatment involving surgical removal and radiation. Early detection is crucial for a positive outcome.